Comparison
RPM vs RTM.
RPM and RTM are both remote monitoring programs reimbursed by Medicare, but they serve different patient populations and use different CPT code families. Understanding the distinction is critical for proper billing and program design.
Side by Side
Feature comparison.
Analysis
Key differences.
Physiologic vs non-physiologic data
RPM collects physiologic data — vital signs measured by medical devices such as blood pressure cuffs, pulse oximeters, and glucose monitors. RTM collects non-physiologic data like therapy adherence, pain levels, respiratory function, and cognitive status through surveys, apps, and digital tools.
Different CPT code families
RPM uses the 994xx series — 99453, 99454, 99445 (new 2026), 99457, 99470 (new 2026), and 99458. In 2026, CMS added 99445 (device supply for 2–15 days) and 99470 (10-minute treatment management) to close billing gaps. RTM uses the 989xx series (98975, 98976, 98977, 98980, 98981) created in 2022 specifically for therapeutic monitoring.
Condition eligibility differs significantly
RPM targets chronic conditions with measurable vital signs — hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, COPD. RTM targets conditions where therapy adherence and functional outcomes matter — musculoskeletal rehab, respiratory therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and substance use recovery.
RTM has a broader data scope
RTM can capture subjective patient-reported outcomes (pain scales, mood assessments, adherence surveys) alongside objective measures. RPM is limited to objective physiologic readings from medical devices.
Guidance
When to use each.
Use RPM when
The patient needs ongoing physiologic monitoring with FDA-cleared devices — blood pressure readings for hypertension, weight tracking for heart failure, glucose monitoring for diabetes, or pulse oximetry for COPD.
Use RTM when
The patient is undergoing respiratory therapy, musculoskeletal rehab, cognitive behavioral treatment, or substance use disorder management and would benefit from remote tracking of therapy adherence, pain levels, and functional outcomes.
Use both for complex patients
Some patients benefit from both physiologic monitoring and therapeutic tracking. For example, a COPD patient could use RPM for pulse oximetry and RTM for respiratory therapy adherence — though they cannot be billed for the same condition in the same month.
FAQ
Common questions.
Can you bill both RPM and RTM for the same patient?
Not for the same condition. CMS does not allow RPM and RTM to be billed simultaneously for the same condition in the same month. However, if a patient has qualifying conditions for both programs independently, concurrent billing may be possible for different conditions.
What is the biggest difference between RPM and RTM?
The data type. RPM collects physiologic data from medical devices (blood pressure, glucose, weight, SpO2). RTM collects non-physiologic data including therapy adherence, pain levels, functional status, and patient-reported outcomes.
Is RTM a newer program than RPM?
Yes. RTM CPT codes (989xx series) were established by CMS in January 2022. RPM codes (994xx series) have been in use since 2018–2019 and are more widely adopted. RTM adoption is growing as more practices recognize the opportunity.
Does RTM require an FDA-cleared device?
Not always. Unlike RPM, which requires an FDA-cleared medical device, RTM can use software-based tools, mobile apps, and digital platforms to collect non-physiologic data. This lowers the barrier to entry for many practices.
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